polymer vectors for gene therapy has been studied as an alternative to viral vectors. In particular, double hydrophilic block copolymers (DHBCs) has shown potential in this domain, but until now research mainly focuses on non-degradable copolymer, which may be restrictions for further development.
To overcome these limitations, we synthesized DHBC (PEG43-b-PCL12 (COOH) 6.5) composed of poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) non-ionic and bioeliminable block and carboxylic poly acid-functionalized degradable (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) block. DHBC potential as a genuine vector for small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) to formulate tripartite polyionic complex (PIC) micelles with poly (lysine) (PLL) is evaluated.
We first study the impact of the cost ratio (R) on the size and zeta potential of micelles produced. With the cost ratio of R = 1, the formulations with optimized physico-chemical properties demonstrated the ability to complex 75% of the siRNA. We demonstrate the stability of the micelles at pH 7.4 and at pH 5 disturbance, which allows the pH-triggered release of siRNA and proven character of the pH-responsive micelles tripartite stimuli.
In addition, the PIC micelles tripartite non-cytotoxic proven below 40 ug / mL. Potential siRNA vector is then evaluated in vitro: it was found that the tripartite PIC micelles are allowed siRNA internalization into 3 times higher than the PLL polyplexes in murine mesenchymal stem cells, and is able to transfect human breast cancer cells. Overall, these data sets pre-validate the use of degradable DHBC as non-viral vectors for the encapsulation and controlled release of siRNA, which is why it may be a sound alternative for non-degradable and / or cytotoxic polycationic vector.
Degradable double hydrophilic block copolymers and tripartite polyionic complex micelles thereof for small interfering ribonucleic acids (siRNA) delivery
Circular role Ribonucleic Acid in the Treatment of Traumatic Brain and Spinal Cord Injury
The causal and pathogenetic factors associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) complex. This complexity is a contributory factor in the outcome of a minimal increase of individuals injured. Several studies have demonstrated the potential of stem cells to facilitate neuronal growth and improve results in a variety of neurological conditions, including TBI and SCI. However, the efficiency of the delivery of stem cells at the injured site is open to question.
Circular ribonucleic acid (RNA circular) have recently become the focus of attention because of the different functions and features in vivo. Exosomes have a close relationship with a circular RNA and may have a significant impact on the circular RNA expression.
Here, we review the circular RNA specific functions, exosomes, and stem cells in the central nervous system conditions, mainly TBI and SCI, and trying to show the relationship between them. Our analysis shows a circular RNA’s role in the brain / spinal cord injury for a multifaceted, as they can modulate several signaling mechanisms while also acting as a sponge for microRNAs and bind to their sites. In addition, the circular RNA can activate some biological activity, molecular and cellular in the wake of injury to the brain bone / spine. Thus, both non-pharmacological interventions and pharmacological regulation centered on a circular RNA can promise to TBI and SCI.
Influenza A virus (H1N1) matrix protein 2 Control/blocking peptide
M2E16-P
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ug
EUR 196.8
Recombinant Purified Hemagglutinin Influenza A Virus H1N1 H1 (H1N1) (A/New Caledonia/20/99) protein control for Western
H1N1-01-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Influenza A virus (H5N1) matrix protein 2 Control/blocking peptide
M2E15-P
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ug
EUR 196.8
Influenza A virus (H9N2) matrix protein 2 Control/blocking peptide
M2E17-P
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ug
EUR 196.8
NATtrol Influenza Negative Control (6 X 0.5 mL)
NATCXVA9-6MC
Zeptometrix
6 X 0.5 mL
EUR 220
Recombinant Purified Hemagglutinin Influenza A Virus (H11N2; A/duck/Yangzhou/906/2002) protein control for Western
H11N2-01-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
NATtrol Influenza/RSV Negative Control (6 x 0.5mL)
NATCXVA9-6C
Zeptometrix
6 x 0.5mL
EUR 220
NATtrol Influenza/RSV Positive Control (6 x 0.25mL)
NATFLURSV-6L
Zeptometrix
6 x 0.25mL
EUR 272
NATtrol Influenza A/B Positive Control (6 x 0.5mL)
NATFLUAB-6C
Zeptometrix
6 x 0.5mL
EUR 211
NATtrol Influenza/RSV Positive Control (6 x 0.5 mL)
NATFLURSV-6C
Zeptometrix
6 x 0.5 mL
EUR 221
NATtrol Influenza/RSV Negative Control (6 X 0.5 mL)
NATCXVA9-6C-IVD
Zeptometrix
6 X 0.5 mL
EUR 240
NATtrol Influenza/RSV Negative Control (6 X 0.5 mL)
MDZ045
Zeptometrix
6 X 0.5 mL
EUR 272.16
Description: Please contact Gentaur in order to receive the datasheet of the product.
NATtrol Influenza A/B Positive Control (6 X 0.5 mL)
NATFLUA/B-6MC
Zeptometrix
6 X 0.5 mL
EUR 227
NATtrol Influenza A/B Positive Control (6 X 0.5 mL)
NATFLUAB-6C-IVD
Zeptometrix
6 X 0.5 mL
EUR 231
NATtrol Influenza A/B Positive Control (6 X 0.5 mL)
MDZ046
Zeptometrix
6 X 0.5 mL
EUR 272.16
Description: Please contact Gentaur in order to receive the datasheet of the product.
Influenza Rapid Test Control Pack (3 X 1.5mL)
KZMC033
Zeptometrix
3 X 1.5mL
EUR 59
NATtrol Influenza B, External Run Control, Low (6 X 1 mL)
NATFLUB-ERCL
Zeptometrix
6 X 1 mL
EUR 360
NATtrol Influenza A H1, External Run Control, Low (6 X 1 mL)
NATFLUAH1-ERCL
Zeptometrix
6 X 1 mL
EUR 360
Influenza A virus HA Control/blocking peptide
AB-23091-P
Alpha Diagnostics
100ug
EUR 196.8
Influenza A virus (H5N1) matrix protein 2 hybrid sequence Control/blocking peptide
M2E11-P
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ug
EUR 196.8
NATtrol Influenza B, External Run Control, Medium (6 X 1 mL)
NATFLUB-ERCM
Zeptometrix
6 X 1 mL
EUR 438
Recombinant Purified Hemagglutinin Influenza A Virus H5N1 H5 (H5N1) (A/chicken/India/NIV33487/2006) (17-531aa) protein control for Western
H5N11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
NATtrol Influenza A H1, External Run Control, Medium (6 X 1 mL)
NATFLUAH1-ERCM
Zeptometrix
6 X 1 mL
EUR 438
Human anti-H. Influenzae B (Hib-PRP) IgG negative control serum
980-101-HNC
Alpha Diagnostics
1 ml
EUR 196.8
Human anti-H. Influenzae B (Hib-PRP) IgG positive control serum
980-101-HPC
Alpha Diagnostics
1 ml
EUR 270
Human anti-H. Influenzae B protein D (Hib-PDG) IgG negative control serum
980-200-01N
Alpha Diagnostics
1 ml
EUR 196.8
Human anti-H. Influenzae B protein D (Hib-PDG) IgG positive control serum
980-200-02P
Alpha Diagnostics
1 ml
EUR 270
Core Panel Multi-Tumor control slides, set of 5
TS900
Innovex
Set of 5
EUR 145
Description: Core Panel Multi-Tumor control slides, set of 5
Core Panel Multi-Tumor control slides, set of 25
TS900-25
Innovex
Set of 25
EUR 425
Description: Core Panel Multi-Tumor control slides, set of 25
Breast Panel Multi-Tumor control slides, set of 5
TS901
Innovex
Set of 5
EUR 145
Description: Breast Panel Multi-Tumor control slides, set of 5
Breast Panel Multi-Tumor control slides, set of 25
TS901-25
Innovex
Set of 25
EUR 395
Description: Breast Panel Multi-Tumor control slides, set of 25
Goat IgG (-ve control for flow cytometry) (isotype control)
20011-100
Alpha Diagnostics
100 test
EUR 123.6
Recombinant H. Influenzae protein D (Non-typeable, NT-PHiD) controls for western blot
PHID11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
BSA Control for Age-BSA
2221-BSA
Biovision
each
EUR 210
BSA Control for AGE-BSA
35R-AA007
Fitzgerald
10 mg
EUR 268.8
Description: BSA Control for AGE protein (BSA modified), Cat No. 30R-AA007
Control for ER, 4 cases (1.5mm)
ERC081
Pantomics
1
EUR 102
Description: IHC control array containing 4 breast cancer cases of strong, moderate, weak/nil estrogen receptor (ER) expressers in duplicates
Control for PR, 3 cases (1.5mm)
PRC061
Pantomics
1
EUR 102
Description: IHC control array containing 3 breast cancer cases of strong, moderate, low/negative progesterone receptor (PR) expressers in duplicates
Deer IgG, semi-pure for ELISA (Control, non-immune, isotype control)
20024-2
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ug
EUR 270
Control for DOG1, 3 cases (1.5mm)
DOG1061
Pantomics
1
EUR 102
Description: IHC control array containing 3 GIST cases of strong, moderate, weak/nil DOG1 expressers in duplicates
Control for HER2, 4 cases (1.5mm)
HRC081
Pantomics
1
EUR 102
Description: IHC control array containing 4 breast cancer cases of strong, moderate, low and negative HER2 breast cancer expressers in duplicates
Control for Ckit, 6 samples (1.5mm)
CKIT061
Pantomics
1
EUR 102
Description: Gastrointestinal stroma tumors, 6 cores, 3 cases in duplicates showing strong, moderate and no expression of cKit molecule.
Influenza-A H1N1 Antibody
20-abx137503
Abbexa
EUR 1128.00
EUR 393.60
EUR 276.00
Influenza-A H1N1 Antibody
20-abx137508
Abbexa
EUR 276.00
EUR 2148.00
EUR 393.60
SLLK, Control Peptide for TSP1 Inhibitor
HY-P0301
MedChemExpress
1mg
EUR 159.6
PAS/Glycogen, For Digestion (Control Slides)
TCS0024-100
ScyTek Laboratories
100 Slides
EUR 847.2
PAS/Glycogen, For Digestion (Control Slides)
TCS0024-25
ScyTek Laboratories
25 Slides
EUR 278.4
Thiostatin Rat protein, control for western
TSTN11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Mouse IgG (-ve control for flow cytometry)
20008-1-100
Alpha Diagnostics
100 tests
EUR 123.6
Rabbit IgG (-ve control for flow cytometry)
20009-1-100
Alpha Diagnostics
100 tests
EUR 123.6
NATtrol Respiratory Panel 2 (RP2) Controls (Ea)
NATRPC2-BIO
Zeptometrix
Ea
EUR 550.46
Description: Please contact Gentaur in order to receive the datasheet of the product.
Purified, Human S100 protein control for WB
S1002-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Negative Control Antibody for Mouse Monoclonals
V8785-100UG
NSJ Bioreagents
100ug
EUR 349.3
Description: To serve as a true negative control for various procedures, this monoclonal IgG should be used under the identical conditions and at the same dilution as the rabbit monoclonal antibody being used for a positive reaction.
Negative Control Antibody for Mouse Monoclonals
V8785-20UG
NSJ Bioreagents
20ug
EUR 153.3
Description: To serve as a true negative control for various procedures, this monoclonal IgG should be used under the identical conditions and at the same dilution as the rabbit monoclonal antibody being used for a positive reaction.
Negative Control Antibody for Mouse Monoclonals
V8785SAF-100UG
NSJ Bioreagents
100ug
EUR 349.3
Description: To serve as a true negative control for various procedures, this monoclonal IgG should be used under the identical conditions and at the same dilution as the rabbit monoclonal antibody being used for a positive reaction.
SLLK, Control Peptide for TSP1 Inhibitor(TFA)
HY-P0301A
MedChemExpress
5mg
EUR 456
Purified, Bovine S100 protein control for WB
S1001-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Positive Control for Anti-Rat MEH Antibody
MEHCON
Detroit R&D
100 uL
EUR 150
Human Pancreatic Amylase protein control for Western blot
PAMY13-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Human Apolipoprotein B protein control for WB
APOB21-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Positive Control for Anti-Rat CYP2C Antibody
P2CCON
Detroit R&D
100 uL
EUR 150
Positive Control for Anti-Rat CYP2D Antibody
P2DCON
Detroit R&D
100 uL
EUR 150
Positive Control for Anti-Rat CYP2B1 Antibody
P2B1PTCON
Detroit R&D
100 uL
EUR 150
Positive Control for Anti-Rat CYP3A2 Antibody
P3A2PTCON
Detroit R&D
100 uL
EUR 150
Haptoglobin Human Plasma protein control for WB
HGLB18-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Control/Blocking peptide for Mouse Vimentin (Vim)
VIM11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ug
EUR 196.8
NATtrol Respiratory Panel 2.1 (RP2.1) Controls (12 x 0.3mL)
NATRPC2.1-BIO
Zeptometrix
12 x 0.3mL
EUR 529
Mouse IgG Isotype control (purified) validated for
NG903
Innovex
7 ml
EUR 195
Description: Mouse IgG Isotype control (purified) validated for IHC; Ready-To-Use
Mouse IgG Isotype control (purified) validated for
NG903C
Innovex
1 ml
EUR 275
Description: Mouse IgG Isotype control (purified) validated for IHC; Concentrate; Minimum 1:50 dilution
Mouse IgM Isotype control (purified) validated for
NG906
Innovex
7 ml
EUR 265
Description: Mouse IgM Isotype control (purified) validated for IHC; Ready-To-Use
Mouse IgM Isotype control (purified) validated for
NG906C
Innovex
1 ml
EUR 295
Description: Mouse IgM Isotype control (purified) validated for IHC; Concentrate
Positive Control for Anti-Human CYP3A Antibody
P3ACON
Detroit R&D
100 uL
EUR 150
Control/Blocking peptide for Ephrin-B2 antibody
NIVE2B-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ug
EUR 196.8
Positive Control for Anti-Human CYP1B1 Antibody
PH1B1CON
Detroit R&D
100 uL
EUR 150
Positive Control for Anti-Human CYP2E1 Antibody
P2E1PTCON
Detroit R&D
100 uL
EUR 150
Positive Control for Anti-Human CYP1A2 Antibody
P1A2CON
Detroit R&D
100 uL
EUR 150
Chicken Egg Ovalbumin protein control for Western
OVA11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Rat Ceruloplasmin protein control for western blot
CP17-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Positive control tissue section for each individua
Control-slides-
Innovex
Set of 5
EUR 119
Description: Positive control tissue section for each individual antibody; Based on availability; INQUIRE
Positive control tissue section for each individua
Control-Slides-for-each-antibody
Innovex
Set of 25
EUR 355
Description: Positive control tissue section for each individual antibody; Based on availability; INQUIRE
Control sections for FD NeuroApop™ Kit (frozen)
PCS102-2
FD Neurotechnologies
each
EUR 80.54
Description: Best quality products
Human Native Retinol binding protein (RBP) control for Western
RBP41-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Mouse Ceruloplasmin protein control for western blot
CP16-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Purified Flagellin (salmonella) protein control for WB
FLGN17-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Human Hemopexin purified protein control for Western
HPEX11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Hemopexin Mouse, purified protein control for Western
HPEX16-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Lectin binding native protein (positive control for SNA lectin)
LBP16-N-1
Alpha Diagnostics
1 ml
EUR 270
Human Apolipoprotein C-I protein control for WB
APOC11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Control sections for FD NeuroApop™ Kit (paraffin)
PCS102-1
FD Neurotechnologies
each
EUR 80.44
Description: Best quality products
Purified Human Survivin protein for WB +ve control
SURV11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Lectin binding native protein (negative control for all lectins)
LNP15-N-1
Alpha Diagnostics
1 ml
EUR 270
Human Apolipoprotein C-II protein control for WB
APOC22-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Monkey (Rhesus) Serum Albumin protein control for WB
ALBMK21-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Monkey (Rhesus) Serum Albumin protein control for WB
ALBMK22-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Positive Control for Anti-Rat CHP2B1/2 Antibody
P2B12PTCON
Detroit R&D
100 uL
EUR 150
Bovine Adenosine deaminase protein control for Western
ADA11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Positive Control for anti-GST p-forms: rat P
GSTCON3
Detroit R&D
100 uL
EUR 150
Human Apolipoprotein C-III protein control for WB
APOC32-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Purified human Catalase (CATL) protein control for WB
CATL11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Positive Control for Anti-Rat CYP1A1/1A2 Antibody
P1ACON
Detroit R&D
100 uL
EUR 150
Purified bovine Lactoferrin protein control for Western
LTF13-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Rat neurofascin (Nfasc)-control Control/blocking peptide
AB-23249-CP
Alpha Diagnostics
100ug
EUR 196.8
Chicken Egg white proteins total control for Western
CEGW12-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Rabbit Beta Actin (muscle) protein control for Western
ACTB15-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 388.8
Human plasma Apolipoprotein E protein control for WB
APOE13-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Human Plasma Apolipoprotein J protein control for WB
APOJ13-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Chicken Egg yellow proteins total control for Western
CEYP12-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Chicken Serum Albumin protein control for Western blot
ALBC15-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Human Salivary Amylase protein positive control for WB
SAMY16-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Purified, recombinant Human TACE control protein for WB
TACE11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Purified Cholera Toxin protein control for Western Blot
CTOX11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Human Prothrombin (Factor II) protein control for Western
PRTN11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Mouse Prothrombin (Factor II) protein control for Western
PRTN13-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Mouse Angiopoietin 3 (Ang-3) protein control for WB
ANG31-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Human Angiopoietin 4 (Ang-4) protein control for WB
ANG41-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Purified Rat C-Reactive Protein (CRP) control for WB
CRP16-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Purified Dog C-Reactive Protein (CRP) control for WB
CRP18-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Lectin binding native protein (positive control for ConA, WGA lectins)
LBP15-N-1
Alpha Diagnostics
1 ml
EUR 270
Positive Control for Anti-Human Cytochrome b5 Antibody
Cb5CON
Detroit R&D
100 uL
EUR 150
Recombinant (CHO) human DNAse I Protein control for WB
DNASE12-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Positive Control for anti-GST m-forms: rat M1 (Yb)
GSTCON2
Detroit R&D
100 uL
EUR 150
Quality Control
abx098966-1vial
Abbexa
1 vial
EUR 360
Purified Human Neutrophil Elastase protein control for WB
ESTE11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Control/Blocking peptide for Mouse Histone deacetylase 1
HDAC111-P
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ug
EUR 196.8
Purified Human C-Reactive Protein (CRP) control for WB
CRP12-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Troponin-T, Human Cardiac, pure protein control for WB
TNTC55-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Positive Control for anti-GST m-forms: rat M2 (Yb2)
GSTCON21
Detroit R&D
100 uL
EUR 150
Rat IgG-PE conjugate (isotype control) (Isotype control)
20005-PE
Alpha Diagnostics
25 tests
EUR 242.4
Rat IgG-HRP conjugate (isotype control) (Isotype control)
20005-HP
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ug
EUR 196.8
Camelpox virus H3L/p35 protein control for western blot
CPOX11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Alpha 1-Antitrypsin (A1AT), Human protein control for WB
A1AT11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Zika Virus prM Protein (African) control for Western blot
ZPRM11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Mouse Serum albumin control (level 1 ~ 1ug/ml) for ELISA
6300-C1
Alpha Diagnostics
1 ml
EUR 169.2
Rat IgG-FITC conjugate (isotype control) (Isotype control)
20005-F
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ug
EUR 196.8
Recombinant Beta Lactamase protein control for Western blot
BLAC11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
PIPET CONTROLLER CONTROL BOARD
357484
CORNING
1/pk
EUR 104.4
Description: Falcon Liquid Handling Equipment; Falcon Pipet Controllers and Accessories
Chicken Egg proteins total (whole egg) control for Western
CEGT11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Alpha 2-Macroglobulin (A2M), Human protein control for WB
A2MG11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Maltose binding protein (MBP) (fusion tag) control for ELISA
MBP15-R-100
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ug
EUR 416.4
Maltose binding protein (MBP) (fusion tag) control for ELISA
MBP15-R-1000
Alpha Diagnostics
1 mg
EUR 927.6
Rat IgG-Biotin conjugate (isotype control) (Isotype control)
20005-B
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ug
EUR 196.8
Myoglobin, Human Cardiac, purified protein control for western
MYG17-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Apolipoprotein A-Il, Human Plasma protein control for WB
APOA21-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Human recombinant purified BMP-1 protein control for WB
BMP12-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Human Liver Cathepsin B protein control for Western blot
CTHB11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Human Liver Cathepsin D protein control for Western blot
CTHD11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Human Liver Cathepsin G protein control for Western blot
CTHG11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Human Liver Cathepsin H protein control for Western blot
CTHH11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Human Liver Cathepsin L protein control for Western blot
CTHL11-C
Alpha Diagnostics
100 ul
EUR 343.2
Disease coronavirus (COVID-19), which is caused by a coronavirus 2 acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2), has been declared a pandemic. We here report the four COVID-19 cases with long-term positive viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) for about 61 days. Although treatment with human recombinant interferon, plasma recovered from COVID-19 patients, Arbidol, etc., the results of nucleic acid is still positive for SARS-CoV-2. After treatment with ritonavir danoprevir (DNVr, 100/100 mg, once daily), four patients showed 2-3 consecutive negative SARS-CoV-2 RNA and thus out of the hospital.
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